Nounreserve; spare; backup · note; memorandum · duplicate; copy; stub (of a ticket, etc.); receipt

Noun, Suru verb, Transitive verbsubtraction; deduction (e.g. of tax)

Noun, Suru verb, Intransitive verbappeal to a higher court; intermediate appeal

Ichidan verb, Transitive verbto be temperate in; to refrain; to abstain; to hold back; to restrain oneself from excessive ... · to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number) · to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for

Nounnote; memorandum · holding oneself back