Nounsouthern barbarians (name used in ancient China for non-Chinese ethnic groups to the south) · South-East Asian countries (in the late-Muromachi and Edo periods) · Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal and their South-East Asian colonies; late-Muromachi and Edo periods)

Nounact of barbarity; barbarism; brutality; savagery

Nounfoolhardiness; recklessness; savage valour; savage valor; brute courage

Na-adjective (keiyodoshi)savage; barbarous; rustic

Na-adjective (keiyodoshi), Nounscruffy; unconcerned about one's personal appearance · rough and uncouth vigor (vigour)

Noun, Na-adjective (keiyodoshi)primitive and barbarous; uncivilized and barbaric

Nounsavages; barbarians

Nounland of the barbarians

Nounlanguage spoken by the Emishi · languages spoken by the nanban during the Edo Period (e.g. Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch) · foreign language

Nounbrute courage; recklessness

Nounbarbarous custom

Nounrough voice

Nounbarbarous customs

Nounsavage people

Nounbrute force

Nounslaves of the barbarians

Nounsavage; barbarian; aboriginal

Nounbarbarian tribe; savage tribe

Nounsavage land; barbaric region

NounWestern books (esp. Dutch; in the Edo period)

Nounforeign god

Noununconquered savage; uncivilized aboriginal · aboriginal Taiwanese tribes outside Qing China's jurisdiction

Noun, Taru adjectivechirping of a small bird

Nounforeign priest; Western priest

Nounbarbarian's sword

Noununcivilized indigenes

Nounbarbarian country; uncivilized country · foreign country

Nounconglomerate; pudding stone

NounWestern European (esp. the Spanish and the Portuguese); southern barbarian

Nounforeign ship (esp. from Spain and Portugal from the late Muromachi period to the early Edo period); Nanban trade ship

Nounbarbarian; savage

Nouncorn; maize

Nounnoodles with duck meat and Welsh onions

Nounsauteed vegetables with fish or poultry made into a stew · poultry or fish stew with chili peppers and Welsh onions mixed in

Noununcivilized country; savage land

NounChristianity

NounChristian churches built in Japan in the second half of the 16th century

Nounincense variety used in kōdō (orig. from eastern India)

Nounchicken nanban

Nounneginanban; soba in hot broth topped with simmered onions and deep-fried tofu

Nounthe barbarians beyond the borders of old China

Noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no', Nounimported to Japan by early European traders

Nounchili pepper

NounNanban trade; Japanese trade with Spain and Portugal (1543-1641)

Nounconfections adopted from Portugal, Spain, etc. during the Muromachi period and since Japanized

Nounroasted or deep-fried fish or meat, marinated in a spicy sauce

NounJohnson grass (Sorghum halepense); Johnsongrass; Egyptian millet

Nounberry catchfly (Silene baccifera); Cucubalus baccifer (former name)

Nounpainted folding screen with scenes of early European visitors to Japan