Noun, Noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no', Na-adjective (keiyodoshi)nervous temperament; worry habit; pessimistic nature; pessimism

Nounperson who has been through a lot; worldly-wise person; one who has seen it all

Nounstory of one's struggles; hardship story

Godan verb with 'ku' endingto go through all sorts of hardships

Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.), Ichidan verbto cause someone trouble; to burden someone