Auxiliary verb, V2m S
auxiliary verb indicating the causative voice
Archaicsee しめる
auxiliary verb indicating the permissive voice
Archaic
auxiliary verb strengthening the honorific notion
Honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) languageArchaicwhen used together with other honorific auxiliaries
auxiliary verb strengthening the humble notion
Humble (kenjougo) languageArchaicwhen used together with other humble auxiliaries