to draw on (others' experience); to learn from (how others do things); lesson to be learned (by observing others)

variant of 鑑|鉴[jian4]

seal impression; stamp; mark from a seal serving as signature

to judge; to examine; to evaluate

illustrated handbook

to examine deeply; to inspect closely

evaluation; assessment

to appreciate (a work of art)

(formal) (used in a submitted document) please review; for your kind consideration

lit. warning to the following cart (idiom); don't follow the track of an overturned cart; fig. draw lesson from the failure of one's predecessor; learn from past mistake; once bitten twice shy

A Mirror for the Wise Ruler (or Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government), a vast chronological general history, written by 司馬光|司马光[Si1 ma3 Guang1] Sima Guang (1019-1089) and collaborators during the Northern Song in 1084, covering the period 403 BC-959 AD, 294 scrolls

Longkan Shoujian, Chinese character dictionary from 997 AD containing 26,430 entries, with radicals placed into 240 rhyme groups and arranged according to the four tones, and the rest of the characters similarly arranged under each radical

to learn from history (idiom)

(lit.) a warning taken from the overturned cart ahead (idiom); (fig.) lesson learned from past mistakes or failures

to take a lesson from (an adverse experience)

Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher (published once in 1844 by Karl Marx and bourgeois radical Arnold Ruge)

lit. oily and shiny to the point of reflecting (idiom); lustrous

lit. the cart in front overturns, a warning to the following cart (idiom); fig. draw lesson from the failure of one's predecessor; learn from past mistake; once bitten twice shy