to refine with fire

to extract (ore, minerals etc); to refine; to purify; to process

(of Taoists) to practice austerities; to practice asceticism

to refine; to smelt

to refine (a substance); to purify; to refine (one's skills, writing etc); refined; polished; succinct; skilled; capable

to smelt metal

variant of 凝練|凝练[ning2 lian4]

variant of 洗練|洗练[xi3 lian4]

(fig.) to temper; to forge; to toughen (through hardship or repeated trials)

to parch and refine medicinal herbs

to smelt

variant of 磨練|磨练[mo2 lian4]

variant of 簡練|简练[jian3 lian4]

to forge (metal); (fig.) to toughen sb up; to hone (one's skills)

physical exercise

after hard work and numerous revisions (idiom); the vicissitudes of life

True gold fears no fire. (idiom)