surname Lian

old variant of 廉[lian2]

cheap; inexpensive; low

to encourage honesty; to discourage corruption

xiaolian, two examination subjects in Han, later a single subject in Ming and Qing; successful second degree candidate

honest; uncorrupted

Yao Silian (557-637), Tang writer and compiler of 梁書|梁书[Liang2 shu1] and 陳書|陈书[Chen2 shu1]

(idiom) frugality makes honesty

to fight corruption and advocate probity

good quality and cheap; a bargain

policy of high pay to discourage corruption