(literary) straw dog used as a ritual offering in ancient China (treated with reverence during the rite and discarded afterwards)

hay; fodder

army provisions

to mow grass and cut firewood; grass mower; woodman

lit. grass-cutter's comment (humble); fig. my observation as a humble layman; my humble opinion

livestock; farm animals

to ruminate; to chew the cud

ruminant

lit. to wear one's coat inside out and carry firewood on one's back (idiom); fig. to live a life of poverty and hard work; fig. to act stupidly