to cook on a slow fire; to extract by heating; to decoct; to endure

to stay up late or all night

suffering; torture

(old) popped glutinous rice (term used during the Song dynasty)

to simmer to a paste

to decoct medicinal herbs

to break clear of all the troubles and hardships; to achieve success; to make it

(coll.) the reward of one's efforts; the light at the end of the tunnel

to stay up through the night (idiom)