(possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5]); him; her; it

after; behind; (at the beginning of a sentence) afterwards; since then

(after a noun) between; among; amid; (used after certain bisyllabic words to form expressions indicating a short period of time, e.g. 彈指之間|弹指之间[tan2 zhi3 zhi1 jian1])

one of (sth); one out of a multitude; one (third, quarter, percent etc)

inside; among; in the midst of (doing sth); during

and so on; and such

outside; excluding

inside; within

under; beneath; less than

(after a noun N and before a predicate P) the reason why N P; Example: 我之所以討厭他|我之所以讨厌他[wo3 zhi1 suo3 yi3 tao3 yan4 ta1] "the reason why I dislike him (is ...)"

above

during; at the time of

extremely

Z-shaped; zigzag

zigzag road; switchback

(lit.) 之[zhi1], 乎[hu1], 者[zhe3] and 也[ye3] (four grammatical particles of Classical Chinese) (idiom); (fig.) archaic expressions